2017 Outlook Letter, A Report to the National Association of State Park Directors

This is a simple and concise presentation of the vital statistics that characterize the operation and use of the nation\u27s 50 state park systems

2018 Outlook and Analysis Letter, Th Vital Statistics of America\u27s State Park System

The annual Outlook and Analysis Letter presents the ‘vital statistics’ that characterize the operation and use of the nation’s 50 state park systems. In the report, we detail historical trends relevant to state park system management using data within the Annual Information Exchange (AIX) archive. The Outlook and Analysis Letter illustrates annual values aggregated across the 50 state park systems between the years of 1984 and 2017 for each of the following measures: Attendance; Operating Expenditures; Capital Expenditures; Revenues; Labor; and Acreage. In addition to the historical trends, we also present projected values for each measure into the near future (2018, 2019, and 2020). These projections are provided to give the leadership within the National Association of State Park Directors a better understanding of how park usage and management are likely to change in the years to come. In the ‘Analysis’ section of the Outlook and Analysis Letter, we present the results of a statistical analysis designed to determine the historic and recent technical efficiency of each state park system. The analysis of state-specific technical efficiency allows individual state park systems to see how efficient they are at providing outdoor recreation opportunities within their state. The analysis of technical efficiency, along with the presentation of recent trends in the park systems’ ‘vital statistics’, gives national- and state-level leadership a better understanding of what the future has in store for the vast array of high-quality outdoor recreation opportunities offered throughout the nation’s state park systems

2017 Outlook Letter, A Report to the National Association of State Park Directors

This is a simple and concise presentation of the vital statistics that characterize the operation and use of the nation\u27s 50 state park systems

2016 Outlook and Analysis Letter, A Report Prepared for the National Association of State Park Directors

This report evaluates both the production of outdoor recreation opportunities at, and the operational efficiency of, the nation’s state park systems

Which State Park Systems Are Most Cost Efficient at Providing Outdoor Recreation Opportunities?

This fact sheet reviews which U.S. state park systems have been most, and least, cost efficient in producing outdoor recreation opportunities within their state between 1984 and 2014

The Technical Efficiency of State Park Systems: Results from 31 Years of Data

Using budgets efficiently allows managers to offer outdoor recreation opportunities to more visitors at a higher quality of service while keeping costs as low as possible. This research identified which state park systems have been most, and least, cost efficient in producing outdoor recreation opportunities within their state between 1984 and 2014

Sustainable Farm Tourism: Understanding and Managing Environmental Impacts of Visitor Activities

Our nation\u27s rural areas are heavily affected both by sprawl and increased recreational use. Agritourism is rapidly being embraced as a strategy to conserve the family farm, increase revenue, and teach the public about authentic farming life. However, the literature reveals little evidence that the environmental impacts of visitors are being considered by farmers, planners, and tourism professionals. The exploratory study reported here evaluated the awareness of visitor impact problem among farm owners and assessed the types of impacts in five farm destinations in North Carolina. Potential management strategies addressing the impacts in different impact zones are discussed

2019 Outlook and Analysis Letter: The Vital Statistics of America\u27s State Park Systems

The annual Outlook and Analysis Letter presents the ‘vital statistics’ that characterize the operation and use of the nation’s 50 state park systems. In the report the authors detail historical trends relevant to state park system management using data within the Annual Information Exchange (AIX) archive

Detection of microalbuminuria in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients without overt proteinuria by a semiquantitative albumin-creatinine urine strips

AbstractMicroalbuminuria is the hallmark of the reversible stage of incipient diabetic nephropathy. A cost- effective and convenient bedside screening test is essential to detect this phase. We used Clinitek 50® which is a semiquantitative strip test to check spot urine sample from 81 patients with albustix one plus or less. The incidence of Clinitek 50® microalbuminuria was 17%, 18.2% and 75% in 47, 22 and 12 patients with albustix negative, trace or one plus respectively. Nineteen and 13 of the 21 Clinitek 50® positive patients were checked for spot urine DCA 2000® and two 12-hour urine collection for immunoassay respectively. Around 60% of these samples fell into the microalbuminuria range and 40% into the overt albuminuria range by either technique. There was no false positive of Clinitek 50®. The lowest range of microalbuminuria detected by Clinitek 50® was 27 μg/minute (38 mg/day). We concluded that Clinitek 50® is a useful screening test as it is nonexpensive, easily operated and has a sensitivity close to the lower range of microalbuminuria